ProFiles 7 Alleviivaukset kommentoituna

P7 T1 Environmental Q & A         Find the following phrases in the text and write them here. KEY

• to conclude – päätellä

• tätä tarvitaan paljon

• to lack X – puuttua , lack of X  – puute jstkn

 

• vrt. ‘siteerata’

 

• vastakohta: profound                           syvällinen
• He’s so superficial or shallow!           pinnallinen tyyppi

 

• in the past couple of years
• in a few years’ time
• in future ‘jatkossa’  / in the future ‘tulevaisuudessa’
• in a month or two
• in an hour give or take a few minutes

 

 

• due to the fact that

 

• pari kolme a couple of                         pitää tietää ylppäreissä, on kysytty

 

• vastakohta: on the increase
• to decrease / to increase

 

• The upshot was that …                        tulos oli se, että

• GM food

• to argue                                                väittää / riidellä
• an argument                                         väite / riita
• No argument there.                               Ei epäselvyyttä asiassa.

• attention span / concentration span / memory span / wingspan

 

• to die out = to become extinct
• extinction

• opettele

 

• hyviä käyttösanoja ja merkitykset aikalailla samat enkussa ja suomen kielessä

 

• supplies                                                tarvikkeet
• taloudessa: demand / supply               kysyntä/tarjonta

 

• to take into consideration

 

• fashion on myös tapa, ei ainoastaan muoti

• opettele

 

• it’s no use + -ing                                  Preposition jälkeen aina –ING-muoto seuraavaan verbiin.

 

• tai sitten: to make promises that you can’t keep Joo, mutta idiomaattisempia ilmaisuja löytyy.

 

• Opettele tämä tärkeä käsite.

P7 T2 Anita Roddick Radical by nature     Find the following phrases in the text and write them here.     KEY

Sanontoja, joissa on BY:

•   (all) by herself

• •(all) by himself

  •(all) by yourself

  •(by) courtesy of

  •(by) miles

  •(off) by heart

  •a baptism of/by fire

  •A good time was had by all.

  •American/Italian, etc. by birth

  •be all right/fine by sb

  •be conspicuous by your absence

  •be consumed by/with sth

  •be devoured by sth

  •be hoist(ed) with/by your own petard

  •be in a class by itself/of its own

  •be past your sell-by date

  •be ruled by sb

  •be too clever by half

  •bit by bit

  •by (sheer) force/weight of numbers

  •by a factor of

  •by a nose

  •by a process of elimination

  •by a whisker

  •by accident

  •by all means

  •by and by

  •by and large

  •by any chance

  •by appointment

  •by common consent

  •by definition

  •by degrees

  •by design

  •by dint of sth

  •by fair means or foul

  •by far and away

  •By gum!

  •by hook or by crook

  •by inches

  •by mistake

  •by nature/profession/trade, etc.

  •by no means

  •by no stretch of the imagination

  •by numbers

  •by reason of

  •by reputation

  •by return (of post)

  •by return mail, at by return (of post)

  •by right of

  •by rights

  •by the grace of God

  •by the look of it, at by the look(s) of things

  •by the look(s) of things

  •by the name of sth

  •by the numbers, at by numbers

  •by the same token

  •by the score

  •by the scruff of the/your neck

  •by the seat of your pants

  •by the skin of your teeth

  •by the way

  •by this time

  •by turns, at in turn

  •by way of

  •by virtue of

  •by word of mouth

  •by your own account

  •by/from all accounts

  •by/in leaps and bounds

  •by/on your lonesome

  •cheek by jowl

  •come by (somewhere)

  •day by day

  •death by misadventure

  •divide sth by sth

  •Do as you would be done by.

  •do well/badly by sb

  •eaten up with/by sth

  •fall by the wayside

  •feel hard done-by

  •go by the board

  •go by the book/do sth by the book

  •go by the name of sth

  •hang by a thread

  •happen along/by (somewhere)

  •have (got) sb by the short and curlies

  •have (got) sb by the short hairs, at have (got) sb by the short and curlies

  •have sb by the balls

  •in days gone by

  •in/by fits and starts

  •inch by inch

  •item by item

  •judging by/from

  •know sb by name

  •know sb by sight

  •lead sb by the nose

  •learn sth by rote

  •little by little

  •live by your wits

  •Man cannot live by bread alone.

  •more by accident than design

  •more by luck than judgment

  •not by a long chalk/shot

  •not by any manner of means

  •not by any means, at by no means

  •not by any stretch of the imagination, at by no stretch of the imagination

  •not do things by halves

  •one by one

  •people sth/somewhere by/with sb

  •play sth by ear

  •pull/haul yourself up by your bootstraps

  •Saved by the bell.

  •set great/little, etc. store by sth

  •shake sb’s hand/shake sb by the hand

  •shave sth by sth, at shave sth off sth

  •side by side

  •stand or fall by sth

  •step by step

  •stick by sth/sb

  •stop by (somewhere)

  •take sb by surprise, at take sb unawares

  •take sb/sth by storm

  •take the bull by the horns

  •taken with/by sth

  •to judge by/from, at judging by/from

  •watch the world go by

  •week by week

  •without so much as a by-your-leave

  •You can’t judge a book by its cover.

• ’tehtyään jotain’ = having + 3. muoto / after + -ING-muoto
• pitää tietää

 

• myös: to earn a living
• earn-verbillä ansaitaan myös rahaa ja kyseenalaista mainetta: to earn money / to earn a reputation mutta eipä juuri muuta

• Mikä Anita? Nuori Anita. Pääsanaa verrataan itseensä eri aikoina. Erisnimikin voi siis saada määräisen artikkelin.

• ei tarvi aina olla remember

• tätä siis kysytään usein ylppäreissä (after + ing-muoto / having + 3.muoto) ’tehtyään jotain’

• whet-verbillä kiihotetaan ruokahalua (tms.) ja teroitetaan veistä,  to whet a knife

 

• Itselle puhuttuna: Note to self: Don’t forget her birthday ever again!

• kielteinen tai rajoittava määre lauseen alussa tuo enkussa käänteisen sanajärjestyksen
• enkun päälauseet ja sivulauseet ovat siis periaatteessa suoria ja käänteisyyttä esiintyy kysymyslauseessa ja tuossa em. tapauksessa
• SPOTPA
• Kova hyökkäyskolmikko ensin: SUBJEKTI, PREDIKAATTI, OBJEKTI
• Puolustuksen takalinjoilla määreet: TAPA, PAIKKA, AIKA
• Ajan määre voi myös aloittaa lauseen, jos se on isomman sortin määre
• liikkuva määre (often, never, seldom, always …) on
  • yksiosaisen verbin edessä: I never tease my little sister.
  • paitsi jos verbi on olla: Jane is never late for class.
  • moniosaisilla verbiosilla eka osan perään: Robert has often played truant.
  • objektiivi ‘Kenelle?’ voidaan hoidella kahdella tavalla:
    • I bought my girlfriend some roses.
    • I ‘m going to give them to her tonight.

 

• vastakohta: willing … willingness

 

 

• premises ‘tilat’ aina monikollinen: There’s no smoking on these premises.

 

• to get your foot in the door                ‘saada jalka ovenrakoon’

• with zeal / zealously

• to go overseas / to be overseas
• to go abroad / to be abroad
• a foreign country , a foreigner

• näinhän mekin sanomme

• opettele
• to be conscious of X
• unconscious = tajuton , ei tietoinen
• conscious = tajuissaan, tietoinen
• I have a clean conscience = omatunto
• Peter is a conscientious student. = tunnollinen

• back in the day = ennenvanhaan

 

 

• to be the done thing

• huomaa passiivin perusmuoto. to refill / to be refilled

• superficial / shallow = pinnallinen (luonteeltaan, mielipiteiltään …)

 

 

• twiddle on sellaista rekisteriä, ettei sitä omana verbinään opeteta vaan osana tällaista fraasia,
• you can twiddle your finger, twiddle knobs and twiddle your thumbs and that’s it

 

 

• I won’t buy that!                                  Tuota mää en usko.

 

• to go out of your way to do sthng= to bend over backwards to do sthng

• haemorrhoids = peräpukamat
• The Lord said: “Suffer children come unto me.” Sallikaa lasten …

P7 T3 I’ve got a solution for the rainforest: NAPALM THE LOT    Find the following phrases in the text and write them here. KEY

 

mitä nopeammin … sitä parempi               the sooner  … the better

• ei näin: what … that

• to be annoyed with X
• Picking your nose isan annoying habit.

 

• enough enkussa pääsanansa jäljessä

• OMG! Oh My God!                            Enkun yleisin taivastelutermi.

 

• to alight = nousta pois kulkuneuvosta
• Metrossa: Alight here for Hyde Park. Poistu täällä päästäksesi Hyde Parkkiin.
• Metrossa: Mind the gap!
• Metrossa: Change here for Bakerloo Line.

 

• Q: Ope, mitä on ’syttyä’ enkuksi?
• A: Misä nää sitä käytät? (Ei ole yhtä ainoaa vastausta, vaihtelee käyttötarkoituksen mukaan. Siksi opettelemme fraaseja)
• En syty tälle asialle.                             This is not my cup of tea.

 

• Taas tuo catch! Alla sanontoja, joissa tuo verbi on:
  • ◦catch fire

    ◦catch the sun

    ◦catch the light

    ◦catch some rays, at catch a few rays

    ◦catch a few rays

    ◦catch/get pneumonia

    ◦if you catch/get my drift

    ◦See/Catch you later.

    ◦catch/cop/get some z’s

    ◦catch your breath

    ◦catch/get sb’s drift

    ◦catch sb red-handed

    ◦catch someone’s attention/imagination/interest, etc.

    ◦catch sb’s eye

    ◦catch sb napping

    ◦get/attract/catch sb’s attention

    ◦you won’t catch sb doing sth

    ◦catch sb off guard

    ◦catch sb on the hop

    ◦It takes a thief to catch a thief.

     

    •catch/get/grab/take hold of sth/sb

    •catch your death of cold

    •catch sb on the wrong foot

    •catch sb with their      pants/trousers down

 

 

 

• Myös: He’s out of the woods.             Pahin on ohi (sairaasta henkilöstä).

 

P7 T4 Doomsday Tourism: Seeing It Before You Can’t Find the following phrases in the text and write them here. KEY

 

• opettele

• mutta: last year / next year (ei prepositiota eikä artikkelia)
• in future = jatkossa (siis tästä eteenpäin)
• in the future = tulevaisuudessa (epämääräisessä tulevaisuudessa)
• in a couple of months
• in a week or two
• in 18 months give or take a month

• kaunis passiivin perusmuoto

• to handle X = to cope with X = to manage X

 

• to make mistakes
• Alla make-pohjaisia sanontoja:
  • ◦make amends

    ◦make believe

    ◦make excuses

    ◦make headway

    ◦make inroads

    ◦make do

    ◦make for somewhere/sth

    ◦make sth over to sb

    ◦make good

    ◦make love

    ◦make like

    ◦make time

    ◦make the bed

    ◦make a break

    ◦make the break, / make a break

    ◦make free with

    ◦make an offer

    ◦make haste

    ◦make history

    ◦make noises

    ◦make tracks

    ◦make waves

    ◦make whoopee

    ◦make sure (that)

    ◦make it big

    ◦make mischief

    ◦make a move

    ◦make a pile

    ◦make allowance for

    ◦make allowances for

    ◦make an exception

    ◦make/pull a face

    ◦make certain/sure

    ◦make a bundle

    ◦make a noise, / make noises

    ◦make no odds

    ◦make a splash

    ◦make a beeline for

    ◦make room/space/way

    ◦make the first move

    ◦make conversation

    ◦make ends meet

    ◦make good time

    ◦make the grade

    ◦make a killing

    ◦make it snappy

    ◦make a (big) difference

    ◦not make any difference

    ◦make all the difference, / make a (big) difference

    ◦to make matters worse

    ◦make the best of

    ◦make the fur fly

    ◦make legal history

    ◦be on the make

    ◦make/take a note

    ◦make it a rule

    ◦make/take soundings

    ◦make matters worse

    ◦make a break (from/for)

    ◦Do I make myself clear?

    ◦make/do the rounds

    ◦are/make a hit with

    ◦make an honest living

    ◦Don’t make me laugh!

    ◦make it (to the top)

    ◦make (all) the running

    ◦not make the slightest difference, / not make any difference

    ◦make sth known

    ◦make up for lost time

    ◦make no mistake about it

    ◦make your excuses

    ◦make a fool of sb

    ◦make a go of sth

    ◦make your gorge rise

    ◦make a hash of sth

    ◦make sb’s life hell

    ◦make light of sth

    ◦make a mess of sth

    ◦make a pass at sb

    ◦make use of sth

    ◦make sb welcome

    ◦make a clean breast of it

    ◦make a world of difference

    ◦make fun of sb/sth

    ◦make life hell for sb, / make sb’s life hell

    ◦make an issue of sth

    ◦make the most of sth

    ◦do/make sth to order

    ◦make a practice of sth

    ◦make provision for sth

    ◦make sb’s day

    ◦Make hay while the sun shines.

    ◦make sb sweat

    ◦make the world go around/round

    ◦Two wrongs don’t make a right.

    ◦make a bolt for somewhere

    ◦make common cause with sb

    ◦make a fool of yourself

    ◦make a fuss of/over sb

    ◦make a mental note of sth

    ◦make a nuisance of yourself

    ◦make a takeover bid for sth

    ◦You can’t make bricks without straw.

    ◦make eyes at sb

    ◦make love to sb

    ◦make it with sb

    ◦make to do sth

    ◦make a mountain out of a molehill

    ◦make the ultimate/supreme sacrifice

    ◦make sth stick

    ◦One swallow doesn’t make a summer.

    ◦make way for sth, / give way to sth

    ◦make a new life for yourself, / start a new life

    ◦make light work of sth/doing sth

    ◦make sb do sth

    ◦make your blood boil

    ◦if I may be/make so bold (as to)

    ◦make a case for sth

    ◦make sb’s blood curdle

    ◦make a hole in sth

    ◦make yourself at home

    ◦make a joke of sth

    ◦make yourself known

    ◦make little of sth

    ◦make sb look small

    ◦make a day/night/evening/weekend of it

    ◦make it up to sb

    ◦make or break sth

    ◦make mincemeat of sb

    ◦make up your mind

    ◦make your mind up, / make up your mind

    ◦make sb’s mouth water

    ◦make a muck of sth

    ◦make (all) the right/correct, etc. noises

    ◦make yourself respectable

    ◦make yourself scarce

    ◦make sb’s skin crawl

    ◦It takes all sorts (to make a world).

    ◦put two and two together and make five

    ◦make yourself understood

    ◦make yourself useful

    ◦make enough/much/more, etc. of sth

    ◦make an ass of yourself

    ◦make your blood run cold

    ◦make no bones about sth

    ◦make capital out of sth

    ◦make out a case for sth, / make a case for sth

    ◦make no claim to be sth

    ◦make/put a dent in sth

    ◦make your flesh crawl/creep

    ◦make your heart flutter

    ◦make (sb’s) hackles rise

    ◦make sb’s hair stand on end

    ◦make heavy weather of sth

    ◦make an impression on sb

    ◦Do you want to make something/anything of it?

    ◦make as if to do sth

    ◦make much/a lot of sb

    ◦make a man (out) of sb

    ◦make a meal (out) of sth

    ◦make a mockery of sth

    ◦make a monkey out of sb

    ◦make a name for yourself

    ◦make a noise about sth

    ◦make (a) nonsense of sth

    ◦make a pig of yourself

    ◦make a pig’s ear of sth

    ◦make a play for sth/sb

    ◦make a point of doing sth

    ◦make your presence felt

    ◦make short work of sth

    ◦make short shrift of sth

    ◦make a spectacle of yourself

    ◦have/make a stab at sth

    ◦make a virtue (out) of sth

    ◦make an exhibition of yourself

    ◦can’t make head nor tail of sth

    ◦do/make a good/bad job of sth

    ◦make sth up as you go along

    ◦be make or break for sb/sth

    ◦You can’t make an omelette without breaking eggs.

    ◦make a production (out) of sth

    ◦make a rod for your own back

    ◦You can’t make a silk purse out of a sow’s ear.

    ◦make a song and dance about sth

    ◦make a big thing (out) of sth

    ◦make an honest woman (out) of sb

    ◦You can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make him drink.

    ◦make a/your mark (on sth)

    ◦make sth (all) your own

    ◦make representations/a representation to sb/sth

    ◦make sth/it worth your while

 

• Pannaan sammaan rahhaan do-pohjaisia sanontoja:
  • ◦do time

    ◦do for sb/sth

    ◦do yourself in

    ◦do without (sth)

    ◦do it

    ◦do away with sth

    ◦do away with sb

    ◦do a ton

    ◦conspire to do sth , at conspire against sth

    ◦do sth for sb/sth

    ◦do sb out of sth

    ◦do a bunk

    ◦fair do’s, at Fair’s fair

    ◦do a wash

    ◦do bird

    ◦make do

    ◦condemn sb to (do) sth

    ◦sit down and do sth

    ◦to do with

    ◦do battle

    ◦do nicely

    ◦look to sb to do sth

    ◦Do you mind?

    ◦do or die

    ◦That’ll do!

    ◦a rum do

    ◦how do you do

    ◦do the job

    ◦do a runner

    ◦do’s and don’ts

    ◦do a double take

    ◦How do you mean?

    ◦do you hear?

    ◦That will do.

    ◦do the trick

    ◦How do you do?

    ◦do the drying (up), / dry the dishes

    ◦do the business

    ◦do the honours

    ◦do/work wonders

    ◦what do you bet?

    ◦do the full monty

    ◦What do you mean?

    ◦that’ll do nicely

    ◦the thing to do, / the done thing

    ◦Do I make myself clear?

    ◦That will never do!

    ◦do a good/bad job

    ◦do a moonlight flit

    ◦That will never do.

    ◦do a roaring trade

    ◦make/do the rounds

    ◦a must-do/-have/-see, etc.

    ◦be a pig to do/play, etc.

    ◦Do me/us a favour!

    ◦not the thing to do, / not the done thing

    ◦be better able to do something

    ◦do you good

    ◦do (all) the donkey work

    ◦not do things by halves

    ◦do more harm than good

    ◦(Well) what do you know!

    ◦I don’t mind if I do

    ◦be able to do sth

    ◦do/try your best

    ◦sb would do better

    ◦come to do sth

    ◦do your damnedest

    ◦deign to do sth

    ◦disdain to do sth

    ◦elect to do sth

    ◦grow to do sth

    ◦know how to do sth

    ◦not do sth lightly

    ◦be like to do sth

    ◦be loath to do sth

    ◦be made to do sth

    ◦neglect to do sth

    ◦have no option (but to do something)

    ◦proceed to do sth

    ◦be quick to do sth

    ◦remember to do sth

    ◦be wont to do sth

    ◦What are you going to do?

    ◦it’s the least I can do

    ◦When in Rome (do as the Romans do).

    ◦be about to do sth

    ◦condescend to do sth

    ◦constrained to do sth

    ◦be disposed to do sth

    ◦do well/badly by sb

    ◦do (sb) a good turn

    ◦have (got) to do sth

    ◦be looking to do sth

    ◦be no need to do sth

    ◦not be one to do sth

    ◦do/make sth to order

    ◦be at pains to do sth

    ◦be pleased to do sth

    ◦be prepared to do sth

    ◦not pretend to do sth

    ◦be programmed to do sth

    ◦be raring to do sth

    ◦not scruple to do sth

    ◦be unable to do sth

    ◦be willing (to do sth)

    ◦do a disappearing/vanishing act

    ◦Do bears shit in the woods?

    ◦Do as you would be done by.

    ◦do your nut

    ◦do sb proud

    ◦do your stuff

    ◦do your worst

    ◦be duty bound to do sth

    ◦be gagging for/to do sth

    ◦be going to do/be sth

    ◦can ill afford (to do sth)

    ◦be at liberty to do sth

    ◦be prone to sth/do sth

    ◦be (hard) pushed to do sth

    ◦be reported to be/do sth

    ◦(how much) do you want to bet?

    ◦what do you bet?/the betting is, / what’s the betting?

    ◦do sb’s head in

    ◦the hell you do

    ◦do your homework

    ◦itch to do sth

    ◦make to do sth

    ◦only to do sth

    ◦do sb a service

    ◦A man’s gotta do what a man’s gotta do.

    ◦be/feel disinclined to do sth

    ◦be in no fit state to do sth

    ◦be/feel honour bound to do sth

    ◦make sb do sth

    ◦be/have nothing to do with sb

    ◦be in a position to do sth

    ◦there isn’t a thing you can do

    ◦do as you think best

    ◦do sth for a bet

    ◦do sth on a bet, / do sth for a bet

    ◦could do with sth

    ◦do sb’s dirty work

    ◦do the dirty on sb

    ◦do yourself an injury

    ◦What more do you want – jam on it?

    ◦do justice to sb/sth

    ◦do sb/sth justice, / do justice to sb/sth

    ◦do justice to yourself

    ◦do yourself justice, / do justice to yourself

    ◦do your level best

    ◦How do you like…?

    ◦I need hardly do sth

    ◦do a number on sb

    ◦be ready to do sth

    ◦do your own thing

    ◦do/try your utmost

    ◦sb had better do sth

    ◦do your family/parents/teacher, etc. credit

    ◦defy sb to do sth

    ◦do sth about sth

    ◦sb/sth needn’t do sth

    ◦sb needn’t do sth

    ◦be/have nothing to do with sb/sth

    ◦go to/take great pains to do sth

    ◦do sth at your peril

    ◦prompt sb to do sth

    ◦be all (that) you can do

    ◦be dying for/to do sth

    ◦not do sb any favours

    ◦had better/best do sth

    ◦it never hurts to do sth

    ◦be in line to do sth

    ◦Do you want to make something/anything of it?

    ◦make as if to do sth

    ◦be man enough to do sth

    ◦do sb/yourself a mischief

    ◦as much as you can do

    ◦have occasion to do sth

    ◦do sb a power of good

    ◦I’ll thank you to do sth

    ◦do sb the world of good

    ◦have the decency/good sense, etc. to do sth

    ◦long for sth; long to do sth

    ◦not have the heart to do sth

    ◦do/make a good/bad job of sth

    ◦know better (than to do sth)

    ◦have/take a notion to do sth

    ◦do sb the honour of doing sth

    ◦go by the book/do sth by the book

    ◦not bring yourself to do something

    ◦do something/nothing, etc. for/to sb

    ◦pluck up (the) courage to do sth, / pluck up your courage

    ◦Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.

    ◦be/have something to do with sth

    ◦be apt to do sth/be apt to be sth

    ◦do sth off your own bat

    ◦have half a mind/a good mind to do sth

    ◦would not do sth for all the tea in China

    ◦Trust sb (to do sth)!

    ◦find it in your heart to do sth

    ◦take it into your head to do sth

    ◦it wouldn’t hurt you to do sth

    ◦be in no mood for sth/to do sth

    ◦not put it past sb (to do sth)

    ◦act/do sth on your own responsibility

    ◦can’t do sth to save your life

    ◦could do sth in their sleep

    ◦be damned if you do and damned if you don’t

    ◦could do sth with one arm/hand tied behind their back

    ◦sb could do sth with their eyes closed/shut

 

 

•  = in spite of X / despite X
• X notwithstanding (ei niin käyttökelpoinen kuin nuo kaksi muuta)

• demand = kysyntä
• suppy = tarjonta
• wholesale / retail = tukkukauppa / vähittäismyynti
• RRP eli recommended retail price = suositushinta
• vs. street price eli tuolla hinnalla se luultavasti lähtee

 

• by the year 2025 on toinen vaihtoehto mutta miksi olla monisanainen?

 

• to be accident prone = onnettomuusaltis, aina vaikeuksissa

 

• are in danger (of + -ing)

 

• prime time = paras (TV-)katseluaika
• prime suspect = pääepäilty
• prime minister
• Ns. absoluuttinen superlatiivi:Summer is at its best in July. ‘parhaimmillan (itseensä verrattuna)

• genuine = aito / fake = väärennös

• Practice what you preach!                     Tee niin kuin sanot!

 

• official / unofficial = virallinen / epävirallinen
• +ly  -sti
• to be in office = olla virassa                     (in the office = toimistossa)
• the officials = viranomaiset

 

• to be aware of X / unaware of X

• to consider X Y / to regard X as Y
• to see X as Y
• As far as X is concerned / As for X / As to X / Xwise (moneywise, weatherwise) /
• As regards X

P7 T5 Noise pollution – an underrated environmental problem          Find the following phrases in the text and write them here. KEY

 

• in living memory = miesmuistiin

 

 

• to lose sight of X = menettää näköyhteys

• rather/quite:
• a rather nice holiday / rather a nice holiday
• a quite expensive smartphone / quite an expensive smartphone
• kaksi mahdollista artikkelin paikkaa noilla, jos adj. puuttuu, vain käänteinen muoto mahdollinen (rather ei toimi silloinkaan)

• She has a new heart-throb.                    Hänellä on uusi ihastus.

• to have an effect on X / to have an influence on X
• to affect X / to influence X

 

 

• opettele

• it’s ja its ovat eri asioita                         YTL ei armahda

• in the backwater
• in the wilderness                                    villissä luonnossa

• tätä kysytään ylppäreissä usein, siis opettele:
• most students know this                          useimmat opiskelijat (yleisellä tasolla)
• most of the students in my class            opiskelijat luokallani (rajattu vertailuryhmä)

• ks. yllä

 

• to have a sixth sense
• a good sense of humour
• That doen’t make sense.                         Tuossa ei ole järkeä.
• a sensible choice                                     järkevä valinta

• myös: a hearing impediment

• hyvä rakenne tuo be attributed to X
• Do you have issues with that?                Onko sulla joku asenneongelma?
• This is an important issue.                      asiakysymys
• Have you read the latest issue of Rolling Stone?      lehdennumero
• All men were issued three pairs of socks.            kaikille jaettiin

 

• relatiivipronomini what on ylppäreiden vakiokamaa ja poikkeuksena muista se sisältää itse pääsanansa. Siis:
• What you’re saying is true.  = That which you’re saying is true. (on oikein, mutta vähän puiseva)
• Lahja minkä sain isoäidiltä oli kallis. (What on myös enkun kysymyssana, relatiivipron. what on aivan eri asia). Siis:
• The present that/which I got from grandma was expensive.
• the present what I got … ei käy, kun pääsana (present) löytyy edellisestä lauseesta
• Vinkki: A-englannin ylppäreissä kysytään kieliopin raja- ja poikkeustapauksia, pääsääntöjen testaaminen ei erottele tarpeeksi. Relatiivipronomineista kysytään siis usein yllä olevaa.

 

 

• Do yourself a favour and … ostaa sinulle aikaa miettiä jatkoa
• Kuten tämäkin: Why don’t you go ahead and … (sweep the floor etc.)

 

 

 

• teknisesti voisimme sanoa attempting desperately mutta tuo on parempi

 

• to suffer a nervous break-down
• Pedro Almodovar: Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown
• Naisia hermoromahduksen partaalla

 

• Tarkoittaa myös: Voi herttileeri! J

P7 T6 Out of the blue                      Find the following phrases in the text and write them here. KEY

 

• an inhabitant / a denizen                       a citizen = kansalainen

• altogether / all told

• as many as / as expensive as
• more than / more reliable than
• more quickly than
• Mika and Kimi drive faster than other drivers.
• Sebastian drives fastest of all / the fastest of all.

• It was as easy as ABC. / It was as easy as a very easy thing indeed.                                                                  Helppo nakki oli.

 

• as far as X is concerned / as to X / as for X / talking about X / regarding X           mitä jhnkn tulee

• odd = pariton / even = parillinen
• Don’t get mad, get even.

• forty-eight hours / seventy-two hours
• a fortnight = fourteen nights = two weeks
• in six months / twelve months / eighteen months

• What do you like to do on your leisure time?

• the survival of the fittest

 

• in the proximity of  X                            jnkn läheisyydessä

• adj.  enigmatic
• a riddle / en enigma / a problem / a conundrum
• I had to remain in hospital after the accident.

• to say for sure

• It’s time you took the dog for its evening walk.

• Lat. ad venire ’tulla tykö’

• The field yielded a record crop this year.
• My grandfather didn’t yield in front of adversity / difficulties.
• Stop! That traffic sign says ‘Yield’. Let those cars pass first before you turn left.

• The audience saw the artist give a peak performance.

• on the verge of   Pedro Almodovar:Women on The Verge of A Nervous Breakdown

• to die out / to become extinct
• to be extinct

 

• have been taxing on                                ’raskas, voimia verottava’

 

P7 T7 The mystery of crop circles               Find the following phrases in the text and write them here.            KEY

 

• vuosi 1600 = 16 x 100, eli seitsemästoista vuosisata alkoi tuolloin, siis in the 17th century
• a decade, a century, a millennium
• in the early 2000s
• in twenty twelve / twenty thirteen etc
• in the twenties / thirties / forties / …
• in the mid-twenties / in the late nineties
• in 2014 / in the year 2014
• in January / on Monday / in the afternoon / at midnight

• Huomaa do-apuverbi myönteisessä preesensissä KOROSTUSTARKOITUKSESSA

 

 

• detailed / intricate

• myös: from one X to the other
• from pattern to pattern

• Kielteinen (tai muuten rajoittava) määre lauseen alussa kääntää sanajärjestyksen

• mon: phenomena                                     OPETTELE! Enkussa ei ole juuri muita ‘ilmiö’-sanoja

• to attempt / an attempt

• You will jinx our trip if you walk under that ladder.          ‘koetella huonoa onnea’

 

• This is daylight robbery!                       Tämä maksaa aivan liikaa!