Expand on these points:

The accused is young and acted impulsively.

No previous criminal record.

The item was returned in perfect condition.

Peer pressure played a role.

A warning or community service would be more constructive than punishment.

Expand on these points:

Theft is theft, no matter the age.

The store suffered financial loss and disruption.

Allowing shoplifting to go unpunished encourages more crime.

The accused deliberately hid the jacket, showing intent.

Society must protect businesses from crime.

Expand on these points:

No physical harm was done.

The accused regrets their actions and apologized.

This was immature behavior, not a serious crime.

A school-based punishment would be more appropriate.

Counseling and digital education could prevent future incidents.

Expand on these points:

Cyberbullying causes serious emotional harm.

The accused acted with intent to damage reputation.

The victim suffered embarrassment and stress.

Online harassment can have long-lasting consequences.

A strong message must be sent to prevent others from doing the same.

Expand on these points:

It was an act of artistic expression, not meant as harm.

The damage was only cosmetic and can be cleaned.

The accused offered to repaint and repair.

They were not aware of the seriousness of vandalism.

A fine or community service would be fair.

Expand on these points:

Public property was deliberately damaged.

Vandalism costs the city money.

Citizens lose respect for public spaces when laws are ignored.

The act was premeditated (they brought spray cans).

Others might copy this behavior if not punished.

Expand on these points:

The accused claims they “borrowed” it and planned to return it.

They did not damage the bicycle.

It was a moment of poor judgment.

The accused had no money for transport.

A warning could be enough.

Expand on these points:

Taking someone else’s property without permission is theft.

The victim was left without transportation.

The accused had no intention to ask permission.

“Borrowing” is not a legal excuse.

Society must discourage bicycle theft, a common crime.

Expand on these points:

The fight was mutual—both sides agreed to fight.

The accused did not start the conflict.

It was a spontaneous emotional reaction.

The accused has already apologized.

Anger management or mediation could be more useful than punishment.

Expand on these points:

Violence is never acceptable.

The victim suffered physical injury.

The accused could have walked away.

Street fights endanger bystanders as well.

Society must discourage using violence to solve conflicts.

Prison Sentences (Vankeusrangaistukset)

• Imprisonment = vankeus
  General prison sentence.
• Life imprisonment = elinkautinen vankeus
  Prison for the rest of one’s life (in Finland usually 12–15 years before parole possible).
• Fixed-term imprisonment = määräaikainen vankeus
  For example: 2 years in prison.
• Juvenile detention = nuorisovankila / kasvatuslaitos
  Young offenders serve time in a youth facility.
• Suspended sentence = ehdollinen tuomio
  No immediate prison, but if another crime is committed, prison follows.

Restrictions & Control (Rajoitukset ja valvonta)

• Parole = ehdonalaiseen vapauteen pääseminen
  Early release under supervision.
• Probation = koe-aika / ehdonalainen valvonta
  Released but monitored closely.
• House arrest = kotiaresti
  Confined to home, often with electronic monitoring.
• Electronic monitoring = sähköinen valvonta (nilkkapanta)
  Tracking movements with an ankle bracelet.
• Restraining order = lähestymiskielto
  Not allowed to contact or approach a person.

Financial & Other Penalties (Taloudelliset ja muut seuraamukset)

• Heavy fine = suuri sakko
  Large payment as punishment.
• Restitution = vahingonkorvaus
  Paying the victim for damages.
• Loss of rights = oikeuksien menetys
  Losing driver’s license, right to vote, or professional license.
• Confiscation of property = omaisuuden takavarikointi
  Illegal earnings or tools of crime are seized.

Alternative & Rehabilitation (Vaihtoehtoiset ja kuntouttavat rangaistukset)

Rehabilitation program = kuntoutusohjelma
Helps reintegrate offenders into society.

Community service (long-term) = pitkä yhdyskuntapalvelu
Hundreds of hours of unpaid work instead of prison.

Mandatory counseling or therapy = pakollinen terapia / kuntoutus
For violent, drug-related, or sexual crimes.

Property Crimes (Omaisuusrikokset)

• Theft = varkaus
• Shoplifting = näpistys
• Burglary = murto
• Robbery = ryöstö
• Pickpocketing = taskuvarkaus
• Embezzlement = kavallus
• Fraud = petos
• Forgery = väärennös
• Arson = tuhopoltto
• Vandalism = ilkivalta
• Trespassing = luvaton tunkeutuminen
• Extortion = kiristys

Violent Crimes (Väkivaltarikokset)

• Assault = pahoinpitely
• Aggravated assault = törkeä pahoinpitely
• Battery (physical attack) = pahoinpitely / lyöminen
• Domestic violence = perheväkivalta
• Manslaughter = tappo
• Murder = murha
• Attempted murder = murhan yritys
• Kidnapping = sieppaus
• Human trafficking = ihmiskauppa
• Stalking = vainoaminen
• Harassment = ahdistelu
• Rape = raiskaus
• Sexual assault = seksuaalinen pahoinpitely
• Child abuse = lapsen pahoinpitely
• Elder abuse = vanhuksen kaltoinkohtelu

Cybercrimes (Kyberrikokset)

• Cyberbullying = nettikiusaaminen
• Identity theft = henkilöllisyyden kaappaus
• Hacking = tietomurto
• Phishing = tietojenkalastelu
• Online fraud = verkkopetos
• Illegal file sharing = luvaton tiedostonjako
• Cyberstalking = nettivainoaminen

Drug & Alcohol Related Crimes (Huume- ja alkoholirikokset)

• Drug possession = huumeiden hallussapito
• Drug trafficking = huumekauppa
• Drug smuggling = huumeiden salakuljetus
• DUI / Drunk driving = rattijuopumus (driving under the influence)
• Public intoxication = häiritsevä juopumus
• Supplying alcohol to minors = alkoholin välittäminen alaikäiselle

Financial & White-Collar Crimes (Talous- ja virkarikokset)

• Tax evasion = veronkierto
• Bribery = lahjonta
• Insider trading = sisäpiirikauppa
• Money laundering = rahanpesu
• Corruption = korruptio
• Counterfeiting (money) = rahanväärennös
• Blackmail = kiristys

Public Order Crimes (Järjestysrikokset)

• Disorderly conduct = häiriökäyttäytyminen
• Rioting = mellakointi
• Illegal protest = laiton mielenosoitus
• Disturbing the peace = järjestyshäiriö
• Loitering = luvaton oleskelu
• Curfew violation = ulkonaliikkumiskiellon rikkominen

Traffic & Vehicle Crimes (Liikennerikokset)

• Speeding = ylinopeus
• Reckless driving = holtiton ajo
• Hit-and-run = pakeneminen liikenneonnettomuuspaikalta
• Driving without a license = ajo ilman ajokorttia
• Driving without insurance = ajo ilman vakuutusta
• Car theft = autovarkaus
• Joyriding = luvaton ajo (ajelu varastetulla autolla)

Miscellaneous Crimes (Muut rikokset)

• Perjury = väärä vala (valehteleminen oikeudessa)
• Contempt of court = oikeuden halventaminen
• Smuggling = salakuljetus
• Espionage = vakoilu
• Terrorism = terrorismi
• Arson = tuhopoltto
• Poaching = salametsästys
• Animal cruelty = eläinrääkkäys
• Illegal gambling = laiton uhkapeli
• Bigamy = kaksinnaiminen
• Piracy (sea) = merirosvous
• Piracy (digital) = tekijänoikeusrikos

Judge (Tuomari)

• Order in the court! = Järjestystä oikeussaliin!
• The court is now in session. = Oikeuden istunto alkaa.
• Please rise for the judge. = Nouskaa seisomaan tuomaria varten.
• You may be seated. = Voitte istuutua.
• The case of X vs. Y will now be heard. = Asia X vastaan Y käsitellään nyt.
• How does the defendant plead? = Miten syytetty vastaa syytteeseen?
• The court finds the defendant guilty. = Oikeus toteaa syytetyn syylliseksi.
• The court finds the defendant not guilty. = Oikeus toteaa syytetyn syyttömäksi.
• I hereby sentence you to… = Tuomitsen teidät täten…
• The court is adjourned. = Oikeuden istunto on päättynyt.

Prosecutor (Syyttäjä)

• The evidence will show… = Todisteet osoittavat…
• The defendant had a clear motive. = Syytetyllä oli selvä motiivi.
• Beyond a reasonable doubt… = Vastaansanomattomasti… / Ilman järkevää epäilyksen varaa…
• We call our first witness. = Kutsumme ensimmäisen todistajan.
• The people rest their case. = Syyttäjä lopettaa todistelunsa.

Defense Attorney (Puolustusasianajaja)

• The accused is innocent until proven guilty. = Syytetty on syytön, kunnes toisin todistetaan.
• There is no solid evidence. = Ei ole vahvaa näyttöä.
• My client had no motive. = Päämiehelläni ei ollut motiivia.
• We ask for leniency. = Pyydämme lievää tuomiota.
• The defense rests. = Puolustus lopettaa todistelunsa.

Witnesses & Testimony (Todistajat ja todistaminen)

• Do you swear to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth? = Vannotteko puhua totta, koko totuuden ja vain totuuden?
• I swear. = Vannon.
• I don’t recall. = En muista.
• To the best of my knowledge… = Parhaan tietoni mukaan…
• Let the record show… = Merkittäköön pöytäkirjaan…

Lawyers in Action (Asianajajat toiminnassa)

• Objection! = Vastalause!
• On what grounds? = Millä perusteella?
• Objection sustained. = Vastalause hyväksytään.
• Objection overruled. = Vastalause hylätään.
• May I approach the bench? = Saanko tulla tuomarin luo?
• No further questions. = Ei lisäkysymyksiä.
• Cross-examination. = Ristikuulustelu.

Jury (Valamiehistö)

• We, the jury, find the defendant guilty. = Me valamiehistö toteamme syytetyn syylliseksi.
• We, the jury, find the defendant not guilty. = Me valamiehistö toteamme syytetyn syyttömäksi.
• The jury is dismissed. = Valamiehistö on vapautettu.

General Courtroom Expressions (Yleisiä ilmauksia oikeudessa)

You are free to go. = Olette vapaa lähtemään.

Silence in the court! = Hiljaisuutta oikeudessa!

For the record… = Pöytäkirjaan merkittäköön…

In light of the evidence… = Todisteiden valossa…

Circumstantial evidence. = Epäsuora todiste.

Direct evidence. = Suora todiste.

Burden of proof. = Todistustaakka.

Case closed. = Asia ratkaistu.

The prosecution has failed to prove its case. = Syyttäjä ei ole kyennyt näyttämään asiaansa toteen.

• Court = oikeus
• Judge = tuomari
• Jury = valamiehistö
• Prosecutor = syyttäjä
• Defense attorney = puolustusasianajaja
• Accused / Defendant = syytetty
• Victim = uhri
• Witness = todistaja
• Evidence = todiste
• Objection! = Vastalause!
• Guilty = syyllinen
• Not guilty = syytön
• Verdict = tuomio, ratkaisu
• Sentence (punishment) = rangaistus
• Crime = rikos
• Misdemeanor = lievä rikkomus
• Felony = vakava rikos
• Testimony = todistus (puheena)
• Cross-examination = ristikuulustelu
• To plead guilty = tunnustaa syyllisyytensä
• To plead not guilty = kiistää syyllisyytensä
• To appeal = valittaa tuomiosta
• To convict = tuomita syylliseksi
• To acquit = vapauttaa syytteestä